Code
C1652
HYUNDAI
C — Chassis
EPS Torque Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
Views:
UK: 16
EN: 21
RU: 20
AI status
Completed
Completed
100%
Causes
- Faulty/failed torque sensor in the steering column
- Damaged, shorted, open or corroded wiring/connectors between torque sensor and EPS control module
- Poor or intermittent ground or reference voltage to the torque sensor
- Water intrusion or physical damage to steering column components
- EPS control module fault or internal electronics failure
- Incorrect sensor alignment, missing/failed zero-point calibration
Symptoms
- EPS warning light or steering system warning lamp illuminated
- Reduced or lost power steering assist, heavy steering
- Intermittent or erratic assist (jerky or fluctuating effort)
- Possible steering torque feel inconsistent or delayed
- Steering-related codes stored; vehicle may enter limp/limited steering mode
What to check
- Read all stored and pending DTCs with a capable scan tool; record freeze-frame and live data
- Verify battery voltage and charging system condition
- Visually inspect steering column area, connectors and wiring for damage, corrosion, pin push-out or water ingress
- Check for loose steering wheel, damaged clock spring or related components
- Perform wiggle test on wiring while monitoring live torque sensor signal for intermittent changes
- Check for proper reference voltage and ground at the torque sensor connector
Signal parameters
- Reference supply typically 5 V (verify vehicle-specific spec) and a stable ground
- At rest (steering centered) sensor signal commonly near mid-rail (~2.5 V) — channels should be similar
- Signal should change smoothly and proportionally to applied steering torque; no sudden jumps or dropouts
- Redundant channels (if present) should track each other within small tolerance
- Open/short conditions: signal near 0 V or supply voltage indicates a wiring fault
Diagnostic algorithm
- Connect a factory-level or OE-capable scan tool; confirm C1652 and note any related codes and freeze-frame data.
- Check battery voltage and charging system; ensure stable supply (12.4–14.5 V typical during testing).
- Visually inspect steering column harness, connectors, and EPS module connector for damage/corrosion. Repair as needed.
- With ignition on (engine off), backprobing: measure sensor reference voltage, signal(s), and ground at the torque sensor connector. Compare to specification and between channels.
- With technician applying small steering torque, observe live data signal(s) for smooth change. Wiggle harness and connectors to reproduce intermittent failures.
- Perform continuity and resistance checks on wiring between torque sensor and EPS module; check for shorts to power, ground, or other circuits.
- If wiring and supply are good but signals are out of range or inconsistent, consider replacing the torque sensor assembly.
- If sensor replacement performed, follow manufacturer procedure for torque sensor zero-point/initialization and perform EPS re-learn/calibration.
- If replacement and re-learn do not clear the issue, consider EPS control module testing or replacement and verify communications.
- Clear codes, test-drive, and re-scan to confirm repair.
Likely causes
- Wiring harness damage around steering column (most common)
- Connector corrosion or loose pin at torque sensor or EPS module
- Torque sensor internal failure
- Loss of reference 5V or ground to sensor
- EPS module software or internal fault (less common)
Fault status
Status
EPS Torque Sensor Circuit — Range/Performance. ECM/EPS module has detected torque sensor output values outside expected range or inconsistent between channels, which may reduce or disable normal steering assist.
Repair difficulty: Medium
Diagnostic time: 1.5-3 hours
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