P2291

Code

LAND ROVER P — Powertrain

Injector control pressure too low during engine start

Brand: LAND ROVER

Type: P — Powertrain

Views: UK: 10 EN: 16 RU: 25

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Page language: EN

Causes

Low fuel supply from fuel lift/transfer pump
Clogged or saturated fuel filter
Failed or weak high-pressure fuel pump (CP3/HPFP)
Faulty injector control pressure (ICP) sensor or sensor circuit (wiring/connectors)
Stuck or leaking pressure regulator/relief valve or control solenoid
Air in fuel or fuel contamination (water, debris)

Symptoms

Extended cranking before start or no-start
Rough or hesitant starting and idle immediately after start
Check Engine Light / MIL illumination
Reduced engine power or limp-home mode after start
Increased smoke from exhaust on start (black or white depending on fuel)
Possible diagnostic trouble codes related to fuel pressure or injector circuits

What to check

Read diagnostic trouble codes and freeze-frame/fuel system data
Monitor live data during cranking: injector control pressure/rail pressure, fuel temperature, battery voltage, crankshaft speed (RPM)
Check battery state and cranking voltage (should be >9.6 V under load)
Measure low-pressure feed (lift) pump pressure and flow at tank or rail feed port
Inspect and replace fuel filter if service interval exceeded or suspect contamination
Visually inspect ICP sensor connector and wiring for damage, corrosion or poor pins

Signal parameters

ICP/injector rail sensor voltage typically in the sensor’s operating range (~0.5–4.5 V depending on pressure) — consult service manual for exact voltage-to-pressure table
During cranking the ICP/rail pressure should increase steadily and reach the manufacturer’s specified startup pressure within the specified cranking time (refer to service manual)
Low-pressure (lift) feed typical range (example) ~2–6 bar (30–90 psi) — verify exact spec for engine
Battery voltage during cranking should normally remain above ~9.6 V; below this can reduce pump output
Record freeze-frame parameters: engine speed, intake temp, fuel temp, ambient conditions (used for diagnosis)

Diagnostic algorithm

Retrieve all stored DTCs and freeze-frame data; note conditions when code set.
Confirm battery condition and perform a cranking voltage test. If voltage is low, charge or replace battery and retest.
Monitor live data during cranking: record ICP/rail pressure, fuel temperature, and rpm. Compare to service specification.
Inspect ICP sensor connector and wiring for corrosion, damage or poor connection. Wiggle-test connectors while monitoring live data for intermittent behavior.
Check/replace the primary fuel filter and inspect for contamination (water, debris).
Measure low-pressure feed (lift) pump supply pressure and flow at the feed port or test point. Replace lift pump or repair feed if below spec.
Bleed the fuel system to eliminate air; inspect tank pickup and hoses for collapse or leaks.
If low-pressure feed is adequate, test high-pressure pump output (bench or vehicle test) and inspect pressure regulator/solenoid operation.
Test ICP sensor operation with a multimeter or oscilloscope and verify voltage/pressure correlation per manual; replace sensor if out of spec.
If electrical issues are found (shorts/opens), repair wiring harness and connectors. After repairs clear codes and perform multiple cold-start cycles to confirm fault no longer returns.
If mechanical faults in HPFP or injectors are suspected and earlier steps do not resolve, proceed to high-pressure pump/injector tests or consult manufacturer technical service information for engine‑specific procedures.

Likely causes

Restricted low-pressure feed (blocked filter, collapsed pickup hose)
Failed lift/transfer pump or insufficient tank supply
Faulty ICP sensor or intermittent connector/wiring fault
Faulty high‑pressure pump or leaking pressure regulator/solenoid
Air ingress or contaminated fuel causing pump cavitation

Fault status

⚠️ Status

Injector control pressure too low during engine start — fuel pressure did not reach required level during cranking. Inspect fuel supply, ICP sensor and related components.

🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium

⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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P2291 — Injector control pressure too low during engine start