P0600
Defective PCM (Power Train Control Module), Defective PCM data bus wiring/connections, Defective PCM data bus ground circuit(s), Defective PCM or other control module controlled output devices, Defective CAN bus communication
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
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HTML ManualP0600
Serial Communication Link
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
P0600
- Communication failure
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
P0600
Serial Communication Link Malfunction
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
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HTML ManualP0600
Serial Communication Link
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
P0600
Serial Communication Link Malfunction
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
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HTML ManualP0600
Serial communication link
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
Fault status
Similar codes
P0600
PCM - no serial data
Causes
- Failed or intermittent PCM (ECM) module
- Open, shorted or corroded CAN/data-bus wiring or connectors
- Faulty or missing CAN bus termination resistor(s)
- Poor or open ground(s) for PCM or other network modules
- Blown fuse or loss of supply voltage to PCM or bus power feed
- Another module dragging the bus off-line (bus-off condition)
Symptoms
- MIL (check engine light) illuminated
- Loss of communication with PCM on diagnostic scanner
- Intermittent or no engine/crank/no-start conditions
- Transmission shifting abnormalities (if TCM communication affected)
- Loss of instrument cluster data (speedometer, warning lights)
- Disabled systems that rely on network messages (cruise control, ABS alerts)
What to check
- Obtain full freeze frame and stored DTC list; note U-codes or other module faults
- Verify battery voltage stable (>12.4 V) and charge; check main power fuses to PCM
- Visually inspect PCM and CAN wiring harness, connectors and grounds for damage or corrosion
- Check continuity/resistance between CANH and CANL termination points (expect ~60 ohms across CANH–CANL with harness disconnected at both ends)
- Probe CANH and CANL at PCM with key ON and engine OFF; verify idle voltages and presence of traffic with a scan tool or scope
- Disconnect suspected modules one at a time (or isolate network segments) to identify a bus-off node
Signal parameters
- Typical high-speed CAN recessive voltages: CANH ≈ 2.5–3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5–2.5 V (values vary by manufacturer)
- Dominant state voltages: CANH ≈ 3.5 V, CANL ≈ 1.5 V (differential ≈ 2 V when active)
- Expected DC resistance between CANH and CANL (terminals at vehicle ends): ≈ 60 ohms (two 120 Ω terminators in parallel)
- Bus data rate commonly 250 kb/s or 500 kb/s for powertrain networks; scanner should show traffic if network healthy
Diagnostic algorithm
- Read and record all stored DTCs (including U-codes) and freeze frame data. Attempt to communicate with PCM using OEM or advanced scan tool.
- Verify battery voltage and main power fuses to PCM; repair any blown fuses and recheck communication.
- Perform a visual inspection of PCM connectors, pins and CAN harness routing for damage, corrosion, or water ingress; repair as required.
- Check PCM ground circuits for continuity to chassis and battery negative; repair high-resistance or open grounds.
- With ignition ON, measure CANH and CANL at the PCM connector: confirm expected idle voltages and that the lines are not shorted to battery or ground.
- Use a scan tool or oscilloscope to confirm CAN traffic. If no traffic, measure voltage across CANH–CANL (expect ≈60 ohms). If shorted or open, trace wiring and disconnect modules to isolate the fault.
- If bus shows excessive errors or a bus-off condition, disconnect modules one at a time (or unplug suspect connectors) to find the failing node causing bus errors.
- Inspect for aftermarket electronics that tap the CAN bus; temporarily remove them and retest.
- If wiring and all other modules test good and reprogramming is current, consider reflashing PCM software per OEM procedures. Replace PCM only after wiring/system faults are ruled out.
- After repair, clear DTCs and verify proper communication, then road-test and re-scan to confirm issue resolved.
Likely causes
- Damaged CANH/CANL wiring (chafed, pinched or short to battery/ground)
- Open or high-resistance ground at the PCM
- Missing or failed 120 ohm termination resistors (end of line)
- Failed PCM internal transceiver or processor fault
- Loose, corroded or pushed-out connector pin at PCM or module
