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P1170 — Air-fuel mixture too lean | Voltage condition 2 fault

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Code

P1170

ALFA ROMEO P — Powertrain

Air-fuel mixture too lean | Voltage condition 2 fault

AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

89

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Code

P1170

BUICK P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: BUICK
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

CADILLAC P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: CADILLAC
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

CHEVROLET P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

456

Browse 456 CHEVROLET manuals: repair procedures, diagnostics, wiring diagrams, component locations, service data and Labor Times by year, model and trim.

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Code

P1170

CHRYSLER P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: CHRYSLER
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

DAEWOO P — Powertrain

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SNSR FLT

Brand: DAEWOO
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

Repair manuals

Manual library for DAEWOO

75

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DAEWOO

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Code

P1170

FIAT P — Powertrain

Air-fuel mixture too lean | Voltage condition 2 fault

Brand: FIAT
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

Repair manuals

Manual library for FIAT

26

Browse 26 FIAT manuals: repair procedures, diagnostics, wiring diagrams, component locations, service data and Labor Times by year, model and trim.

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Code

P1170

FORD P — Powertrain

ESO Engine Shut Off Solenoid Fault

Brand: FORD
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

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+100 karma for a short comment :)
Send to email
Code

P1170

GM P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: GM
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

GMC P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: GMC
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

HUMMER P — Powertrain

Bank to Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: HUMMER
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

Repair manuals

Manual library for HUMMER

138

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Code

P1170

KIA P — Powertrain

HO2S11 Circuit Voltage Stuck At Mid-Range

Brand: KIA
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

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Code

P1170

LINCOLN P — Powertrain

ESO Engine Shut Off Solenoid Fault

Brand: LINCOLN
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

166

Browse 166 LINCOLN manuals: repair procedures, diagnostics, wiring diagrams, component locations, service data and Labor Times by year, model and trim.

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Code

P1170

MAZDA P — Powertrain

HO2S Bank 1 Sensor 1 Circuit Fixed Bank 1 Sensor 1

Brand: MAZDA
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

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Code

P1170

MERCURY P — Powertrain

ESO Engine Shut Off Solenoid Fault

Brand: MERCURY
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

296

Browse 296 MERCURY manuals: repair procedures, diagnostics, wiring diagrams, component locations, service data and Labor Times by year, model and trim.

MERCURY

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Code

P1170

OLDSMOBILE P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

Your experience will help others
+100 karma for a short comment :)
Send to email
Code

P1170

Other P — Powertrain

ESO - Engine Shut Off Solenoid Fault

Brand: Other
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

8,297

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Code

P1170

SAAB P — Powertrain

Closed Loop, Malfunction

Brand: SAAB
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

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Code

P1170

SATURN P — Powertrain

Bank To Bank Fuel Trim Offset

Brand: SATURN
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

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+100 karma for a short comment :)
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Code

P1170

SCION P — Powertrain

Fuel system too lean

Brand: SCION
AI status
Completed
ready
Completed 100%
Page language: EN

Causes

  • Intake vacuum leak or unmetered air (hoses, gasket, PCV)
  • Faulty or contaminated mass air flow (MAF) or MAP sensor
  • Low fuel pressure (fuel pump, pressure regulator, clogged filter)
  • Partially clogged or leaking fuel injector(s)
  • Faulty oxygen (O2/lambda) sensor (signal bias/slow response)
  • Exhaust leak upstream of O2 sensor

Symptoms

  • Check Engine Light (MIL) illuminated
  • Poor idle quality or rough running
  • Hesitation or lack of power under acceleration
  • Reduced fuel economy
  • Occasional misfire or stumble
  • Possible increased NOx / catalytic converter stress over time

What to check

  • Retrieve freeze frame and live data with a scan tool; record short‑ and long‑term fuel trim (STFT / LTFT) and O2 sensor voltages
  • Visual inspection for vacuum/intake leaks, cracked hoses, loose clamps and intake manifold gasket leaks
  • Inspect MAF sensor for contamination and wiring/connectors for damage
  • Perform fuel pressure test at fuel rail under key ON and engine running conditions
  • Smoke test intake and vacuum system to find unmetered air leaks
  • Check for exhaust leaks upstream of the upstream O2 sensor

Signal parameters

  • Upstream O2 sensor voltage low/lean bias: typically below ~0.1–0.2 V (should switch toward 0.7–0.9 V when rich)
  • Slow or no switching of upstream O2 sensor during closed-loop operation
  • Positive long-term fuel trim (LTFT) > +10% indicates compensating for lean condition
  • MAF grams/sec lower than expected for given RPM/load
  • Fuel rail pressure lower than specification (compare to OEM data)

Diagnostic algorithm

  1. Read and record all stored codes and freeze frame data; note whether code is bank-specific or sensor-specific.
  2. With a scan tool, monitor live data: STFT/LTFT, upstream O2 sensor voltage and response, MAF or MAP readings, and commanded fuel trim behavior during varied load.
  3. Visually inspect intake tract, vacuum lines, PCV and intake manifold for leaks or damage; repair obvious issues.
  4. Perform a smoke test on the intake/vacuum system to locate hidden leaks.
  5. Check fuel pressure at the rail: compare to OEM spec at key ON and engine running. Repair/replace pump, regulator or filter if low.
  6. Inspect, clean or test MAF sensor; temporarily disconnect MAF to see if trims change (use caution & refer to model-specific procedure).
  7. Verify upstream O2 sensor operation: measure voltage swings and heater function; compare response time to spec. Replace sensor if signal is slow/biased.
  8. Inspect exhaust upstream of the sensor for leaks that can confuse the O2 signal.
  9. Repair wiring or connector faults found; clear codes and perform a road test under load to confirm the issue is resolved.
  10. If repairs do not clear the code, consider ECU updates or deeper fuel system diagnostics (injector flow testing, pressure regulator bench test).

Likely causes

  • Unmetered air intake / vacuum leak
  • Faulty or contaminated MAF sensor
  • Low fuel pressure or restricted fuel supply
  • Aging or failing upstream O2 sensor reporting low voltage
  • Exhaust leak near upstream O2 sensor

Fault status

⚠️ Status
Air–fuel mixture lean condition detected — voltage/condition fault (Condition 2). MIL set.
🟡 Repair difficulty: Medium
⏱️ Diagnostic time: 1.0-3.0 hours

Similar codes

Your experience will help others
+100 karma for a short comment :)
Send to email