Code
P1395
CADILLAC
P — Powertrain
Wheel Speed Sensor 2, G-Sensor Circuit
Views:
UK: 17
EN: 36
RU: 19
AI status
Completed
Completed
100%
Causes
- Damaged or contaminated wheel speed sensor 2
- Broken, corroded, or bent connector pins or wiring harness to sensor 2
- Damaged or missing tone ring (ABS reluctor) or excessive air gap
- Short to power or ground, or open circuit in sensor signal/return wires
- Faulty ABS/traction control module input or internal G-sensor/interface failure
- Faulty wheel bearing or heavily corroded hub causing sensor misalignment
Symptoms
- ABS, traction control, or stability indicator lamp illuminated
- Possible reduced ABS/traction control functionality or no ABS operation under braking
- ABS pump may run unexpectedly during low-speed braking events
- Possible speedometer or cruise control faults if shared sensors
- Intermittent loss of ABS/traction control when going over bumps or through water
What to check
- Read all ABS/traction and engine codes with a capable scan tool; record freeze frame and monitor live wheel speed/G-sensor data
- Visually inspect sensor 2, connector, and wiring harness for damage, corrosion, pin push-outs, moisture, or rubbing
- Inspect wheel/tone ring (reluctor) for missing teeth, cracks, heavy rust, or metal debris; check sensor mounting and air gap
- Check for chassis and sensor grounds near the wheel and module; ensure tight, clean connections
- Compare sensor 2 live waveform/data to the corresponding wheel sensor on the opposite side using an oscilloscope or scan tool
- Measure sensor resistance (for passive/VR sensors) and check signal output while spinning the wheel; backprobe connector with the sensor in place
Signal parameters
- Passive (VR) sensor: AC sine waveform increasing with speed; low-speed amplitude often 0.1–2.0 Vp-p and frequency proportional to wheel speed
- Active (Hall/electronic) sensor: square wave or switched 0–5 V (or 0.5–4.5 V) pulses relative to wheel rotation; 5 V reference or battery-switched reference on some systems
- Pulse frequency: typically 20–2000 Hz depending on vehicle speed and gear; compare to opposite wheel at same speed
- Expected resistance (passive sensor): often 800–2000 ohms (varies by manufacturer) — consult factory spec before replacing
Diagnostic algorithm
- Retrieve codes and freeze-frame data; note whether code is current or historic and if multiple wheel sensor codes are present.
- Visually inspect sensor 2, connector, harness, and tone ring. Repair obvious damage, clean connectors, and reseal if moisture found. Re-test for code presence.
- Using a scan tool, monitor raw wheel speed or G-sensor data for sensor 2 while slowly rotating the wheel by hand or during a low-speed road test. Look for dropouts, noise, or no signal.
- If no signal or intermittent, backprobe the sensor connector. For passive sensors measure AC voltage while spinning (expect increasing amplitude/frequency). For active sensors measure 0–5 V square wave. Compare to the same measurement on a known-good wheel sensor.
- Measure sensor resistance and compare to factory spec. Check continuity between sensor connector and ABS module pins; check for shorts to battery positive and chassis ground.
- Perform a wiggle test of the wiring and connector while monitoring the live signal to find intermittent faults. Repair wiring or connector as needed.
- If sensor output and wiring are good but code persists, inspect the tone ring for damaged/missing teeth or excessive runout; replace tone ring or hub assembly if necessary.
- If wiring, sensor, and tone ring test OK, consider ABS/traction control module input failure and perform module bench tests or consult manufacturer procedures before replacement.
- Clear codes and perform a test drive; verify proper operation and that the code does not return.
Likely causes
- Contaminated or mispositioned sensor due to debris or corrosion
- Connector corrosion or water intrusion at the sensor plug
- Damaged sensor wiring from suspension movement or road debris
- Damaged reluctor ring (missing teeth or heavy rust)
- Intermittent connection at ground or module harness
Fault status
Status
Stored/Active — ABS/traction module detected a malfunction in Wheel Speed Sensor 2 G-Sensor circuit (open, short, intermittent, or out-of-range signal).
Repair difficulty: Medium
Diagnostic time: 0.8-2.0 hours
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